Náš prepodobný otec a vyznávač Charitón (28. september)

Ján Krupa

Náš prepodobný otec a vyznávač Charitón (28. september)

Charitón. Rodák z Ikónia (hlavného mesta maloázijskej oblasti Lykaónia), vyznávač viery za rímskeho cisára Aureliána (270 – 275). Počas púte do Palestíny ho zajali zbojníci, ktorí čoskoro potom zomreli, a tak mohol založiť (330) v ich jaskyni lavru Faran pri Jerichu s priľahlým chrámom, ktorý posvätil za jeruzalemského biskupa Makára (314 – 333); potom lavru Duka v púšti pri Jerichu a nakoniec lavru Suka pri Betleheme.

Práca, spievanie žalmov, pohostinnosť, prísne pôsty (len jedno jedlo s chlebom namočeným vo vode s trochou soli) a mnohé zázraky charakterizujú Charitónov život. Zomrel okolo roku 350.

Anonymný životopis (krátko po polovici 6. storočia), založený výlučne na ústnych tradíciách, prešiel s niekoľkými zmenami do gréckeho Menologionu [= zbierky životov svätých] Symeona Metaphrastesa (PG 115, 900 – 917).

Zdroj: Angelo di Nicola: Caritone, in: Nuovo dizionario patristico e di antichità cristiane, 2006. Z taliančiny preložil o. Ján Krupa

Charitón, svätý (sviatok 28. septembra), askéta a zakladateľ niekoľkých mníšskych kolónií v Palestíne, zomrel okolo roku 350.

Podľa jeho Vitae pochádzal z Ikónia, ako vyznávača viery ho uväznil cisár Aureliánus a po jeho zavraždení sa dostal na slobodu.

Na púti do Jeruzalema ho chytili lupiči, ktorých jaskyňu premenil na lavru Faran. Neskôr založil aj lavru Duka pri Jerichu a lavru Suka pri Jeruzaleme („stará“ lavra, teraz ruiny Charetun) a nakoniec jaskynný monastier (το κρεμαστον σπηλαιον) bokom lavry Suka.

Zdroj: Otto Volk, Chariton, in: Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche 1994. Z nemčiny preložil o. Ján Krupa.

Lavra (gr. laura = chodník, aleja) – spoločenstvo mníchov, ktorí žili oddelene vo vlastných celách alebo jaskyniach, pričom uznávali autoritu jedného igumena. Takéto pustovnícke osady vznikali od 4. storočia v Palestíne a v Egypte, odkiaľ sa postupne šírili aj do iných častí Východorímskej ríše.

Zdroj: Teologický a náboženský slovník, SSV 2008.

Zdroj obrázku: https://www.uncutmountainsupply.com/icons/of-saints/by-name/b-c/icon-of-st-chariton-the-confessor-1cc45/


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